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	<title>Chinese languages</title>
	<subtitle>Chinese languages</subtitle>
	<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/index.php" />
	<updated>2010-04-17T03:53:47+00:00</updated>

	<author><name><![CDATA[Chinese languages]]></name></author>
	<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/app.php/feed/topic/7926</id>

		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[niuc]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-17T03:53:47+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-17T03:53:47+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28645#p28645</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28645#p28645"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28645#p28645"><![CDATA[
<blockquote class="uncited"><div>It's tough, but I did indeed notice that I understood more Mandarin at this conference than at all other previous conferences (EATS conferences being the major place in my life where I hear Mandarin being spoken <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_eek.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":shock:" title="Shocked">!)</div></blockquote>A good indicator of progress! <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_mrgreen.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":mrgreen:" title="Mr. Green"> I see, how about Chinatowns (if any) in Netherlands? If you have access to Mandarin tv channels and have time to watch them, usually they may of certain help. <br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>That's just what i was going to write. I don't know where this shame campaign comes from about not being able to speak Mandarin, it's like me being so ashamed because I can't speak Anglo-Saxon - how can I understand my heritage if I can't speak that? </div></blockquote>LOL! <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_lol.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":lol:" title="Laughing"> Ironically it is the other way around, by mandarinization many Hokkiens don't understand their own heritage anymore. <br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>What happened in Singapore is what you get when someone who believes that weird stuff about respect gets unfettered power to decide what everyone else's linguistic behaviour should be. </div></blockquote>Either in PRC or Singapore (or Taiwan last time), the campaign is surely not about culture but politics. Those in power are often too smart to believe in what they tell us relentlessly ("Mandarin is our mother tongue"), but they just want to keep everything under their control.<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=527">niuc</a> — Sat Apr 17, 2010 3:53 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[Ah-bin]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-15T07:09:55+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-15T07:09:55+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28631#p28631</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28631#p28631"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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Amazing, I read it as "give" without even noticing!<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=1174">Ah-bin</a> — Thu Apr 15, 2010 7:09 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[SimL]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-15T06:42:23+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-15T06:42:23+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28630#p28630</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28630#p28630"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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<blockquote class="uncited"><div><blockquote class="uncited"><div>Of course, when I got to Australia, I found that nobody cared a rat's arse whether I could speak Hokkien or Mandarin. ...</div></blockquote>I bet they were extra happy when you learnt nice Aussie expressions like "not to give a rat's arse" too! <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_lol.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":lol:" title="Laughing"> <br>...</div></blockquote>OFF TOPIC ALERT!!! OFF TOPIC ALERT!!!<br><br>Damn! 20 years away from Australia has affected my Australian idiom: indeed, it's "<em class="text-italics">give</em> a rat's arse", not "<em class="text-italics">care</em> a rat's arse". [Embarrassed <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_redface.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":oops:" title="Embarassed">!]<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=977">SimL</a> — Thu Apr 15, 2010 6:42 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[Ah-bin]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-15T02:10:04+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-15T02:10:04+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28629#p28629</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28629#p28629"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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<blockquote class="uncited"><div>Indeed, when we migrated to Australia when I was a child, some of my (maternal) Chinese-speaking relatives warned me that in Australia "no-one would respect me, because they wouldn't respect a Chinese who couldn't speak Chinese". I never argued back (I was much too much a "good Chinese boy" in those days!), but I did think to myself "Well, Hokkien is Chinese too, and I can speak THAT!"</div></blockquote>That's just what i was going to write. I don't know where this shame campaign comes from about not being able to speak Mandarin, it's like me being so ashamed because I can't speak Anglo-Saxon - how can I understand my heritage if I can't speak that?  <br><br>What happened in Singapore is what you get when someone who believes that weird stuff about respect gets unfettered power to decide what everyone else's linguistic behaviour should be.  <br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>Of course, when I got to Australia, I found that nobody cared a rat's arse whether I could speak Hokkien or Mandarin. They were just happy that I spoke English and integrated into Australian society.</div></blockquote>I bet they were extra happy when you learnt nice Aussie expressions like "not to give a rat's arse" too!  <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_lol.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":lol:" title="Laughing">  <br><br>And they were extra<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=1174">Ah-bin</a> — Thu Apr 15, 2010 2:10 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[SimL]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-14T14:35:07+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-14T14:35:07+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28627#p28627</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28627#p28627"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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Hi niuc,<br><br>Thanks for your feedback, both linguistic and with respect to the burial customs (including the Christian approach).<br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>Although sometimes I also say to my relatives/friends who do not speak Chinese (usually Mandarin) something like "even that ang-moh speaks Chinese so well" to tease them and more importantly to encourage them to learn Chinese (at least Mandarin), actually I don't think that being born ethnically a Chinese means we automatically must master Chinese better than non-Chinese. At the end I think it all boils down to exposure and opportunity in learning a language. Surely we should applaud non-Chinese who can speak Chinese fluently, even with a native accent! Yet don't be disheartened, I believe given enough time and opportunity, you will be fluent too! Jiayou! </div></blockquote>Indeed, when we migrated to Australia when I was a child, some of my (maternal) Chinese-speaking relatives warned me that in Australia "no-one would respect me, because they wouldn't respect a Chinese who couldn't speak Chinese". I never argued back (I was much too much a "good Chinese boy" in those days!), but I did think to myself "Well, Hokkien is Chinese too, and I can speak THAT!". Again, this supports your view, niuc, that Hokkiens generally favour and look up to Mandarin, compared to their own language. Of course, when I got to Australia, I found that nobody cared a rat's arse whether I could speak Hokkien or Mandarin. They were just happy that I spoke English and integrated into Australian society.<br><br>Thanks also for the words of encouragement about my learning Mandarin. It's tough, but I did indeed notice that I understood more Mandarin at this conference than at all other previous conferences (EATS conferences being the major place in my life where I hear Mandarin being spoken <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_eek.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":shock:" title="Shocked">!)<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=977">SimL</a> — Wed Apr 14, 2010 2:35 pm</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[niuc]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-14T08:53:22+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-14T08:53:22+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28619#p28619</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28619#p28619"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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Hi Sim<br><br>Thanks a lot for sharing about your experience in the conference! <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_mrgreen.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":mrgreen:" title="Mr. Green"> <br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>Niuc: I'd still like to know if your variety of Hokkien has some sort of "si-ka-lau" / "ji-ka-lau" for "if", when you have some time ...</div></blockquote>My Hokkien variant doesn't use "si/ji-ka-lau". It uses 若 'na7' or 若是 'na7-si7'.<br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>Perhaps the most embarassing thing for me each year is that I don't speak Mandarin. Of course, every white person (to say nothing of the East Asians) present at such a conference can speak Mandarin fluently. Still, a lot of these academics are quite kind (especially the ones who have known me for some years now), and they always greet me with a smile when they see me.</div></blockquote>Although sometimes I also say to my relatives/friends who do not speak Chinese (usually Mandarin) something like "even that ang-moh speaks Chinese so well" to tease them and more importantly to encourage them to learn Chinese (at least Mandarin), actually I don't think that being born ethnically a Chinese means we automatically must master Chinese better than non-Chinese. At the end I think it all boils down to exposure and opportunity in learning a language. Surely we should applaud non-Chinese who can speak Chinese fluently, even with a native accent! Yet don't be disheartened, I believe given enough time and opportunity, you will be fluent too! Jiayou! <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_mrgreen.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":mrgreen:" title="Mr. Green"> <br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>PS: I would be happy to hear what other Forum members know about "khioh-kut" and/or "second burial".</div></blockquote>In Bagansiapiapi we call it "khioh-kut-thau" and it is like the practice the presenter told you, i.e. after several years (around 3 years, to ensure only the bones remain) the grave is exhumed and the bones washed (with wine ?) and dried in the sun, then put into an urn ('ang3') and stored in a temple beside the graveyard that was built for that purpose. The urn is also called 'hong7-kim1' [奉]金. I think this way of burial is eco-friendly as the grave can be re-used. <br><br>However, rich families usually prefer to build permanent big tombs (做風水 co3-hong1-sui2) and therefore the bones inside such tombs didn't go through "khioh-kut-thau". Alternatively some can go through "khioh-kut-thau" and then co3-hong1-sui2 to house the bones. Hokkien Christians in Bagansiapiapi (Methodists &amp; Roman Catholics) usually build simple permanent tombs, so no need "khioh-kut-thau". A lot (most?) of Bagan-lang are now living in Jakarta and do not practise "khioh-kut-thau" there, usually either permanent burial or cremation (after which the ash is kept in an urn and housed in a temple or thrown into the sea).<br><br>If I remember correctly, I ever read that Hakka also practise "second burial". Batak people in Northern Sumatra also, with elaborate ceremony. Orthodox Christianity doesn't allow cremation as it regards cremation as being disrecpectful of human body, so in countries with limited burial land such as Singapore, "khioh-kut-thau" eventually will be done and the bones will be placed in a church/chapel. In fact the Church usually does "khioh-kut-thau" for her Saints and the bones or often fragrant incorruptible bodies (relics) are placed in church buildings (also called "temples") for veneration. Roman Catholicism does the same for RC Saints but it allows cremation.<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=527">niuc</a> — Wed Apr 14, 2010 8:53 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[SimL]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-13T13:31:34+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-13T13:31:34+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28607#p28607</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28607#p28607"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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Talk about "off-topic"! This has drifted from "Medan Hokkien" to "The EATS 2010 Conference" <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_mrgreen.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":mrgreen:" title="Mr. Green">.<br><br>Niuc: I'd still like to know if your variety of Hokkien has some sort of "si-ka-lau" / "ji-ka-lau" for "if", when you have some time ...<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=977">SimL</a> — Tue Apr 13, 2010 1:31 pm</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[SimL]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-13T13:17:14+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-13T13:17:14+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28604#p28604</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28604#p28604"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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One of the presentations I went to was "An Archeological View on Bentuhua: Taiwan's Tombstones in a Historical Perspective". I spoke with one of the presenters after that, and he told me that Hokkkiens in general and Taiwanese in particular practice a burial custom called "Second Burial". This is where the body is dug up after some time, and the bones put into an urn and moved elsewhere. He was totally amazed that someone who claimed to be of Hokkien descent (i.e. me) had never heard of the custom.<br><br>He then explained that this was called "khioh-kut" (= "picking up the bones"). I in turn had to explain that this term was indeed very familiar to me, but (in my cultural background), it meant something quite different. Namely, after the body of the deceased has been cremated, the larger bones are broken up into smaller pieces. The bone fragments and ash are (in the case of my grandmother) placed in a large, shallow enamel tub/pot/wide-mouthed bowl on the ground. Then, the family line up in 4 rows: one row for the sons and sons-in-law of the deceased, one row for the daughters and daughters-in-law of the deceased, one row for the male grandchildren of the deceased, and one row for the female grandchildren of the deceased. In each row, the people line up from eldest to the youngest*. Then in turn (starting with the eldest son and ending with the youngest granddaughter), each will step forward to the tub and pick some of the bones up with a pair of chopsticks and transfer them to a much smaller container. In my grandmother's case, the contents of the resulting smaller container with bone fragments and ash were then scattered in the sea, at the same spot where my grandfather's bones and ashes had been scattered many years earlier. In the case of other people, the contents of the resulting smaller container might then be put into an urn and then stored in some shrine or temple.<br><br>I explained to the academic that that was what "khioh-kut" meant in my family background, i.e. the transferring of the bone fragments from the larger tub to the smaller container, using the chopsticks. He seemed quite surprised to learn this.<br><br>*: The order of the four rows - first male adults, then female adults, then male grandchildren, finally female grandchildren - and the order of age in each row - show the "standard" hierarchy of traditional Chinese society, namely: men above women and older above younger. I'm no longer sure (I was 16 at the time) whether all the sons lined up first in order of age, and then the sons-in-law, or whether all the adult males were in order of age (I suspect the former). Similarly, I'm no longer sure whether all the daughters lined up first in order of age, and then the daughters-in-law, or whether all the adult females were in order of age (again, I suspect the former, to distinguish actual children of the deceased from the sons- and daughters-in-law).<br><br>PS: I would be happy to hear what other Forum members know about "khioh-kut" and/or "second burial".<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=977">SimL</a> — Tue Apr 13, 2010 1:17 pm</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[SimL]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-13T11:37:24+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-13T11:37:24+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28594#p28594</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28594#p28594"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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<blockquote class="uncited"><div>... Hope you can share more about the conference, e.g. what the papers were about. <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_mrgreen.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":mrgreen:" title="Mr. Green"> </div></blockquote>Hi niuc,<br><br>I'm happy to, but there were more than 30 papers presented, so perhaps it's more sensible for you to have a look here: <a href="http://eats-taiwan.eu/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/7th-Conference-Programme2010-04-051.pdf" class="postlink">http://eats-taiwan.eu/wp-content/upload ... 04-051.pdf</a>. <br><br>As you can see, it was basically a two-and-a-half-day conference, divided into two main "strands": a politics/economics strand, and an "arts/language/history/culture/anthropology" strand. Because of my own personal interests and inclinations, I go almost exclusively to the second strand (occasionally, there's a political issue which interests me, especially if it's connected to "Taiwanese Identity").<br><br>The intellectual stimulation of the entire conference was truly wonderful, but it's a really humbling experience to be completely surrounded by very, very bright people (mostly PhD students, university lecturers, and professors -  there was only one other non-academic present besides me). What I mean is that these people are <em class="text-italics">so intelligent</em> that they can get to the heart (or weakness) of a particular argument on initial hearing, without having to ponder upon it. Normally, I keep my mouth shut and just listen / observe, but I slightly made a fool of myself once by saying a "layman" thing and then having the academic point out how silly my observation was. I felt like crawling into a hole in the ground at that point, and resolved never to say anything in the large forum at an EATS conference again! (I can always go up to the academic after the presentation and discuss my thoughts and ideas with him privately). <br><br>Perhaps the most embarassing thing for me each year is that I don't speak Mandarin. Of course, every white person (to say nothing of the East Asians) present at such a conference can speak Mandarin fluently. Still, a lot of these academics are quite kind (especially the ones who have known me for some years now), and they always greet me with a smile when they see me.<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=977">SimL</a> — Tue Apr 13, 2010 11:37 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[niuc]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-13T10:58:15+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-13T10:58:15+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28590#p28590</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28590#p28590"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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Hi Sim<br><br>Hope you can share more about the conference, e.g. what the papers were about. <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_mrgreen.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":mrgreen:" title="Mr. Green">  <br><br>My variant does have 'tu2-cia4' and 'cia4', but usually become 'tu2-kha4' and 'kha4'. And like what Ah-bin heard in Taiwan, our 'tu2-kha4' is often pronounced as 'tu2-a4'.<br><br>About "actually", your Medan friend is right that its native Hokkien term is 'sit8-cai7' 實在. Another term is 其實 'ki5-sit8', which may sound too much like Mandarin. The latter has implied negation, the former tends to be an affirmation. Also 實在 has wider (and slightly different) meaning &amp; usage than 其實, e.g. 實在話 'sit8-cai7-ue7' is "true/sincere word(s)", we cannot use 其實+話 for that meaning.<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=527">niuc</a> — Tue Apr 13, 2010 10:58 am</p><hr />
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		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[niuc]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-13T01:21:39+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-13T01:21:39+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28582#p28582</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28582#p28582"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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Hi Sim<br><br>Wow, what a great opportunity! Glad you enjoyed it! <img class="smilies" src="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/images/smilies/icon_mrgreen.gif" width="15" height="15" alt=":mrgreen:" title="Mr. Green"> <br><br>You are right that "kalau"/"jikalau" are Malay/Indonesian words for "if". Interesting discussions here, will write more later, have to run now....<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=527">niuc</a> — Tue Apr 13, 2010 1:21 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[SimL]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-12T18:19:53+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-12T18:19:53+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28578#p28578</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28578#p28578"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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Hi xng,<br><br>Thanks for reposting the link. <br><blockquote class="uncited"><div>It should be Tu Cia or Cui Kin depending on usage.</div></blockquote>Lovely! I knew "tu cia" from my Amoy-speaking maternal relatives in my youth, but had forgotten it until now. Same for "tu a". I'll check with my mother how she uses both of them. From memory, their usage was slightly different from "balu", in that they both are more used for "at that time, a short time ago" or even "at that time, a <em class="text-italics">very</em> short time ago", but still, there is a little bit of distance in time, whereas "balu" can be used up to a millisecond ago, or even something that's just about to happen. E.g.: "wa balu be ka lu kong kong i &lt;blah&gt;" could even mean "I was just about to tell you that he &lt;blah&gt;". <br><br>Anyway, these will be very useful replacements for "balu" as well, so thank you.<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=977">SimL</a> — Mon Apr 12, 2010 6:19 pm</p><hr />
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		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[xng]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-12T17:26:56+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-12T17:26:56+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28577#p28577</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28577#p28577"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
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<blockquote class="uncited"><div><blockquote class="uncited"><div>She advised me that "(gam1-)gam1" or "ca1" would be suitable candidates.</div></blockquote>It's tu-a for ba-lu, I think in Taiwan. Ngaam ngaam is more like Cantonese. I think by ca she meant perhaps chiah in POJ, which means 才 in Mandarin and "ba-lu ka" in some contexts.</div></blockquote>It should be Tu Cia or Cui Kin depending on usage.<br><br>I have compiled the most common malay words used in hokkien here.<br><br><a href="http://www.chinalanguage.com/forums/viewtopic.php?f=6&amp;t=7017&amp;sid=f74d991340376317c5ff6233db7d628f" class="postlink">http://www.chinalanguage.com/forums/vie ... 33db7d628f</a><p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=6041">xng</a> — Mon Apr 12, 2010 5:26 pm</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[SimL]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-12T11:17:39+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-12T11:17:39+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28570#p28570</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28570#p28570"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28570#p28570"><![CDATA[
<blockquote class="uncited"><div>I think by ca she meant perhaps chiah in POJ, which means 才 in Mandarin and "ba-lu ka" in some contexts.</div></blockquote>Yes, indeed she did. I checked by writing the character 才 and she confirmed it. I'll ask her about "tu-a" when I next meet or mail her.<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=977">SimL</a> — Mon Apr 12, 2010 11:17 am</p><hr />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author><name><![CDATA[Ah-bin]]></name></author>
		<updated>2010-04-12T11:13:20+00:00</updated>

		<published>2010-04-12T11:13:20+00:00</published>
		<id>http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28569#p28569</id>
		<link href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28569#p28569"/>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Re: Medan Hokkien]]></title>

		
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/viewtopic.php?p=28569#p28569"><![CDATA[
<blockquote class="uncited"><div>She advised me that "(gam1-)gam1" or "ca1" would be suitable candidates.</div></blockquote>It's tu-a for ba-lu, I think in Taiwan. Ngaam ngaam is more like Cantonese. I think by ca she meant perhaps chiah in POJ, which means 才 in Mandarin and "ba-lu ka" in some contexts.<p>Statistics: Posted by <a href="http://chineselanguage.org/forums/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&amp;u=1174">Ah-bin</a> — Mon Apr 12, 2010 11:13 am</p><hr />
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